Cloud Computing A New Era : OpenStack -Cloud software

OpenStack is a global collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists that seek to produce a ubiquitous Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) open source cloud computing platform for public and private clouds. OpenStack was founded by Rackspace Hosting and NASA jointly in July 2010.

The Pieces of OpenStack

OpenStack Compute (Nova)
OpenStack Object Storage (Swift)
OpenStack Image Service (Glance)
Dashboard
Identity Management
Networking
Load balancers
Database
Queueing

Openstack Core components

OpenStack Compute (core -NOVA)

Provision and manage large networks of virtual machines

OpenStack Object Store (core-SWIFT)

Create petabytes of secure, reliable storage using standard hardware

OpenStack Image Service (core)

Catalog and manage massive libraries of server images

OpenStack Identity (core-GLANCE)

Unified authentication across all OpenStack projects and integrates with existing authentication systems.

OpenStack Dashboard (core-HORIZON)

Enables administrators and users to access & provision cloud-based resources through a self-service portal.

Openstack Storage -Nova

Openstack Storage -Swift

Swift storage is fully distributed and not a file system.System components are given below

The Ring: Mapping of names to entities (accounts, containers, objects) on disk.

Container Server: Handles listing of objects, stores as SQLite DB

Object Server: Blob storage server, metadata kept in xattrs, data in binary format

Stores data based on zones, devices, partitions, and replicas

Weights can be used to balance the distribution of partitions

Used by the Proxy Server for many background processes

Proxy Server: Request routing, exposes the public API
Replication: Keep the system consistent, handle failures
Updaters: Process failed or queued updates
Auditors: Verify integrity of objects, containers, and accounts

Account Server: Handles listing of containers, stores as SQLite DB

Openstack Network -Neutron

Networking is a standalone component in the OpenStack modular architecture. It's positioned alongside OpenStack components such as Compute, Image Service, Identity, or the Dashboard. Like those components, a deployment of Networking often involves deploying several services to a variety of hosts.

Networking is entirely standalone and can be deployed to a dedicated host. Depending on your configuration, Networking can also include the following agents:

Networking agents
Agent	Description
plug-in agent (`neutron-*-agent`)	Runs on each hypervisor to perform local vSwitch configuration. The agent that runs, depends on the plug-in that you use. Certain plug-ins do not require an agent.
dhcp agent (`neutron-dhcp-agent`)	Provides DHCP services to tenant networks. Required by certain plug-ins.
l3 agent (`neutron-l3-agent`)	Provides L3/NAT forwarding to provide external network access for VMs on tenant networks. Required by certain plug-ins.
metering agent (`neutron-metering-agent`)	Provides L3 traffic metering for tenant networks.

These agents interact with the main neutron process through RPC (for example, RabbitMQ or Qpid) or through the standard Networking API. In addition, Networking integrates with OpenStack components in a number of ways:

Networking relies on the Identity service (keystone) for the authentication and authorization of all API requests.
Compute (nova) interacts with Networking through calls to its standard API. As part of creating a VM, the nova-compute service communicates with the Networking API to plug each virtual NIC on the VM into a particular network.
The dashboard (horizon) integrates with the Networking API, enabling administrators and tenant users to create and manage network services through a web-based GUI.

Orchestration -Heat

Heat orchestrates composite cloud apps (stacks)
HA (restarts resources) & “auto-scaling”

Configuration Management-Puppet

Puppet can be used , widely used, large community, scales

Simplify the configuration of OpenStack itself

Accounting - Ceilometer

Accounting for OpenStack by project

Collects statistics from each compute node

common OpenStack message bus

OpenStack’s community is remarkably vibrant. It is no longer lead by any single vendor.

Prominent Adopters

Private Cloud Solutions (Dell, Nebula, Piston)
Large public clouds & hosting companies (Rackspace, ATT, NTT, Dreamhost, HP, Deutsche Telecom)
Web & SaaS Providers (eBay, Wikimedia, )
Government (NASA)
Major Linux Distributions (Ubuntu, Suse, RedHat)
Hardware Vendors (Dell, HP, IBM, Cisco)

Substantial Contributors

Dev: Rackspace, HP, RedHat, Citrix, Nebula, Cisco, Canonical, Piston …

Ops: Dell has lead here with Opscode.